Translations:Czynniki wzrostu/2/en - Historia wersji

Agnieszka Szyposzyńska o 14:55, 10 mar 2021

2021-03-10T14:55:37Z

← poprzednia wersja		Wersja z 14:55, 10 mar 2021
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	=Examples of growth factors=		=Examples of growth factors=
	* '''FGF - ''' Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a large family of polypeptides acting as local or systemic cell signaling molecules crucial for embryonic development, as well as tissue repair in the adult organism. Their structure and amino-acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrates, and they are expressed in many, if not all tissues. They stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. These proteins play an important role in organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Apart from their function in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, a subset of FGFs plays an important role in neuronal signal transduction. A characteristic property of FGFs is their high affinity for heparin; they require heparan sulfate to bind to one of the four types of their cell surface receptors. FGFs often signal across epithelial-mesenchymal boundaries stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal expression of FGFs is a factor in cancer pathogenesis.		* '''FGF - ''' Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a large family of polypeptides acting as local or systemic cell signaling molecules crucial for embryonic development, as well as tissue repair in the adult organism. Their structure and amino-acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrates, and they are expressed in many, if not all tissues. They stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. These proteins play an important role in organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Apart from their function in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, a subset of FGFs plays an important role in neuronal signal transduction. A characteristic property of FGFs is their high affinity for heparin; they require heparan sulfate to bind to one of the four types of their cell surface receptors. FGFs often signal across epithelial-mesenchymal boundaries stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal expression of FGFs is a factor in cancer pathogenesis <ref>Ornitz DM, Marie PJ. Fibroblast growth factors in skeletal development. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2019;133:195-234. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2018.11.020 </ref> <ref>Mossahebi-Mohammadi M, Quan M, Zhang JS, Li X. FGF Signaling Pathway: A Key Regulator of Stem Cell Pluripotency. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Feb 18;8:79. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00079 </ref>.
	* '''EGF - ''' Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a signalling protein found in multiple body fluids, e.g. milk, saliva, urine, blood plasma or amniotic fluid. EGF binds to the EGFR receptors, which in turn dimerize and induce tyrosine kinase activity. This initiates signalling cascades that affect various biological processes such as ion transportation, cell proliferation and differentiation, [[apoptoza/en\|apoptosis]], embryonic development, organ development or tissue regeneration. Increased EGF/EGFR activity correlates with tumour growth and metastasis, particularly in glioblastomas, and lung, breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancers.		* '''EGF - ''' Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a signalling protein found in multiple body fluids, e.g. milk, saliva, urine, blood plasma or amniotic fluid. EGF binds to the EGFR receptors, which in turn dimerize and induce tyrosine kinase activity. This initiates signalling cascades that affect various biological processes such as ion transportation, cell proliferation and differentiation, [[apoptoza/en\|apoptosis]], embryonic development, organ development or tissue regeneration. Increased EGF/EGFR activity correlates with tumour growth and metastasis, particularly in glioblastomas, and lung, breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancers <ref>Zeng F, Harris RC. Epidermal growth factor, from gene organization to bedside. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2014 Apr;28:2-11. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.01.011 </ref> <ref>Romano R, Bucci C. Role of EGFR in the Nervous System. Cells. 2020 Aug 12;9(8):1887. doi: 10.3390/cells9081887 </ref>.
	* '''TGF- β - ''' Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a signalling protein that plays a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis and regeneration via a serine/threonine kinase complex. There are three known isoforms of TGFβ (TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3), and three types of TGFβ membrane receptors (TGF-β RI, TGF-β RII, TGF-β RIII). The transcriptional response to TGFβ in the cell is determined by the composition of the TGFβ signal transduction system (its ligands, receptors and regulators), its interaction with SMAD proteins, and the epigenetic modifications of target DNA. Most members of the TGFβ family act as paracrine factors on cells near the source.		* '''TGF- β - ''' Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a signalling protein that plays a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis and regeneration via a serine/threonine kinase complex. There are three known isoforms of TGFβ (TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3), and three types of TGFβ membrane receptors (TGF-β RI, TGF-β RII, TGF-β RIII). The transcriptional response to TGFβ in the cell is determined by the composition of the TGFβ signal transduction system (its ligands, receptors and regulators), its interaction with SMAD proteins, and the epigenetic modifications of target DNA. Most members of the TGFβ family act as paracrine factors on cells near the source <ref>Wang J, Xiang H, Lu Y, Wu T. Role and clinical significance of TGF‑β1 and TGF‑βR1 in malignant tumors (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2021 Apr;47(4):1. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4888 </ref> <ref>Martinez-Hackert E, Sundan A, Holien T. Receptor binding competition: A paradigm for regulating TGF-β family action. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2021 Feb;57:39-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.09.003 </ref>.

Agnieszka Szyposzyńska o 16:03, 21 sty 2021

2021-01-21T16:03:45Z

← poprzednia wersja		Wersja z 16:03, 21 sty 2021
Linia 2:		Linia 2:
	* '''FGF - ''' Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a large family of polypeptides acting as local or systemic cell signaling molecules crucial for embryonic development, as well as tissue repair in the adult organism. Their structure and amino-acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrates, and they are expressed in many, if not all tissues. They stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. These proteins play an important role in organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Apart from their function in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, a subset of FGFs plays an important role in neuronal signal transduction. A characteristic property of FGFs is their high affinity for heparin; they require heparan sulfate to bind to one of the four types of their cell surface receptors. FGFs often signal across epithelial-mesenchymal boundaries stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal expression of FGFs is a factor in cancer pathogenesis.		* '''FGF - ''' Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a large family of polypeptides acting as local or systemic cell signaling molecules crucial for embryonic development, as well as tissue repair in the adult organism. Their structure and amino-acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrates, and they are expressed in many, if not all tissues. They stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. These proteins play an important role in organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Apart from their function in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, a subset of FGFs plays an important role in neuronal signal transduction. A characteristic property of FGFs is their high affinity for heparin; they require heparan sulfate to bind to one of the four types of their cell surface receptors. FGFs often signal across epithelial-mesenchymal boundaries stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal expression of FGFs is a factor in cancer pathogenesis.
	* '''EGF - ''' Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a signalling protein found in multiple body fluids, e.g. milk, saliva, urine, blood plasma or amniotic fluid. EGF binds to the EGFR receptors, which in turn dimerize and induce tyrosine kinase activity. This initiates signalling cascades that affect various biological processes such as ion transportation, cell proliferation and differentiation, [[apoptoza/en\|apoptosis]], embryonic development, organ development or tissue regeneration. Increased EGF/EGFR activity correlates with tumour growth and metastasis, particularly in glioblastomas, and lung, breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancers.		* '''EGF - ''' Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a signalling protein found in multiple body fluids, e.g. milk, saliva, urine, blood plasma or amniotic fluid. EGF binds to the EGFR receptors, which in turn dimerize and induce tyrosine kinase activity. This initiates signalling cascades that affect various biological processes such as ion transportation, cell proliferation and differentiation, [[apoptoza/en\|apoptosis]], embryonic development, organ development or tissue regeneration. Increased EGF/EGFR activity correlates with tumour growth and metastasis, particularly in glioblastomas, and lung, breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancers.
			* '''TGF- β - ''' Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a signalling protein that plays a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis and regeneration via a serine/threonine kinase complex. There are three known isoforms of TGFβ (TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3), and three types of TGFβ membrane receptors (TGF-β RI, TGF-β RII, TGF-β RIII). The transcriptional response to TGFβ in the cell is determined by the composition of the TGFβ signal transduction system (its ligands, receptors and regulators), its interaction with SMAD proteins, and the epigenetic modifications of target DNA. Most members of the TGFβ family act as paracrine factors on cells near the source.

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2021-01-21T16:02:46Z

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=Examples of growth factors=
* '''FGF - ''' Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a large family of polypeptides acting as local or systemic cell signaling molecules crucial for embryonic development, as well as tissue repair in the adult organism. Their structure and amino-acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrates, and they are expressed in many, if not all tissues. They stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. These proteins play an important role in organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Apart from their function in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, a subset of FGFs plays an important role in neuronal signal transduction. A characteristic property of FGFs is their high affinity for heparin; they require heparan sulfate to bind to one of the four types of their cell surface receptors. FGFs often signal across epithelial-mesenchymal boundaries stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Abnormal expression of FGFs is a factor in cancer pathogenesis.
* '''EGF - ''' Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a signalling protein found in multiple body fluids, e.g. milk, saliva, urine, blood plasma or amniotic fluid. EGF binds to the EGFR receptors, which in turn dimerize and induce tyrosine kinase activity. This initiates signalling cascades that affect various biological processes such as ion transportation, cell proliferation and differentiation, [[apoptoza/en|apoptosis]], embryonic development, organ development or tissue regeneration. Increased EGF/EGFR activity correlates with tumour growth and metastasis, particularly in glioblastomas, and lung, breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate or pancreatic cancers.